Effectiveness of Grape (Vitis Vinifera L.) Seed Extracts on Fungi and Bacteria Management

Abstract

Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) seeds from 3 grape varieties were powdered and the fatty material was extracted. These extracts were tested for grape storage restriction fungi Botrytis cinerea, Alternaria alternata, Aspregillus niger andPenicillium expansum and antibacteria activity for Gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonasaeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Gram-positive Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pneumonia and Staphylococcus aureusby pour plate method. The grape seed extracts (GSE) were tested against peri-implantitis microflora. Suspension of microorganisms was made in sterile normal saline and adjusted to 0.5 Macfarland standard (10⁸ Cfu mL^-1). From the stock of 65536 mg mL^-1 GSEs, serial dilutions were made up to 4 mg mL^-1. It was found that, no effective restriction and/or inhibition for tested fungi and Gram-negative Escherichia coli35218, Klebsiella pneumonia 700603, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 27853, and Gram-positive Enterococcus feacalis51299 bacteria while Gram-positive Staphylococus aureu 44300 was inhibited at 32768 μg mL^-1GSE of ‘Müşküle’ variety and GSE 65536 μg mL^-1GSE of ‘Öküzgözü’ and Streptococcus pneumonia 49619 bacteria were inhibited at 2048 μg mL^-14096 μg mL^-1and 32768 μg mL^-1concentration of ‘Kara Dimrit’, ‘Öküzgözü’ and ‘Müşküle’ GSEs. The results of the study showed that GSEs has potential antimicrobial effects which can be further studied.