Vejetatif Filtre Şeritleri: Herbisitlerin Yüzey Sürüklenmesi Yoluyla Taşınmasının Engellenmesinde Çevreci Bir Yaklaşım
Abstract
Vejetatif filtre şeritleri yüzey akışı ile gelen tarımsal kimyasalların sulak alanlara ulaşmasının engellenmesi veya ulaşan yüzey akışı içerisindeki tarımsal kimyasalların miktarının azaltılması amacıyla oluşturulan bitki bariyerleridir. Bu bitkisel bariyerler, tarımsal amaçla kullanılan organik ve suni gübreler ile pestisitlerin özellikle herbisitlerin su kaynakları kirletmesine mani olmakta oldukça yararlı yapılardır. Canlı bitki şeritleri yüzey akışı ile gelen suyun önemli bir kısmını toprak yüzeyinden aşağıya drene ederek su kaynağına ulaşan yüzey suyu miktarını düşürür. Kullanılan bitki türlerine bağlı olarak filtre şeritleri herbisitlerin degradasyonun hızlanmasına da yardımcı olabilirler. Canlı bitki şeritlerindeki bitkiler tarımsal üretimde kullanılan herbisitlerden etkilenmeyen veya onları metabolize edebilen çok yıllık bitki türleri arasından seçilir. Sulak alanlara ulaşan herbisit miktarı tarım alanlarının eğiminin ve ani yağışların şiddetinin ve süresinin artmasına bağlı olarak artış gösterir. İklim koşullarında yaşanan değişim şiddetli ani yağışların oluş sıklığının ve bu yağışların şiddetinin artmasını da beraberinde getirmiştir. Vejetatif filtre şeritleri ülkemiz gibi farklı ekim sistemlerine, değişik toprak tiplerine ve iklim koşullarına sahip ülkelerde uzun yıllardır başarı ile kullanılmaktadır.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15316/SJAFS.2018.140
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